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Compare Indian Ocean (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

Compare Indian Ocean (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

 Indian Ocean (2002)Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)
 Indian OceanTurks and Caicos Islands
Administrative divisions - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure - 0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,301; female 3,184)


15-64 years: 63.8% (male 6,696; female 6,036)


65 years and over: 3.7% (male 327; female 412) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports - 8 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies		 total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 5.5 times the size of the US 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south. The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate - 22.85 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital - Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline 66,526 km 389 km
Constitution - introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name - conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - NA (2002 est.)
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international some maritime disputes (see littoral states) have received Haitians fleeing economic collapse and civil unrest
Economic aid - recipient - $4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Tourism fell by 6% in 2002.
Electricity - consumption - 4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 5 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Ethnic groups - black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002)


head of government: Chief Minister Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners - US, UK
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description - blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP - purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 20 00 S, 80 00 E 21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways - total: 121 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners - US, UK
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate - total: 16.27 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 18.79 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4% (1995)
International organization participation - Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Irrigated land - NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court
Labor force - 4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries - 0 km
Land use - arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (2001)
Languages - English (official)
Legal system - based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 74.25 years


male: 72.05 years


female: 76.57 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references Political Map of the World Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims - territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - none
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday - Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality - noun: none


adjective: none
Natural hazards occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches frequent hurricanes
Natural resources oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate - 11.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note - destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders - People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population - 19,956 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 3.03% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa) Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions - Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations - 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)
Terrain surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate - 3.11 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 10% (1997 est.)
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